Quick question here, I'll pose it in the way of making a scenario (I assure you, this has never happened to me, nor anyone I know.)
Say I'm part of a Corsair fleet. We attack Malta, and I get killed. I go back to Gamma and sit around there. A couple hours later, when I'm sitting at Skiros station, the same Outcasts that killed me come into the system and start going straight towards me, with that jolly old Slay Corsairs attitude. Am I allowed to engage?
5.8 A player who was killed in a PvP fight must not re-engage the enemy (player or players involved in the death) with any of the characters on his/her account(s) for 4 hours.
If they engage you again, then it's ok. But, you can't engage first.