I'm still gonna go with another poster's idea: if it's a Guard system you can spawn a different Guard or home faction character and re-engage (for the specific one-off purpose of RP'ing a Guard System which should be full of defenders).
Other than that I imagine asking your killer(s) if you all can pretend that the RP-time necessary to get rescued and have what's left of your ship towed back, repaired and rearmed, would work. But it's up to them, not you. They could (and in some cases should) say "no".