Hmm, if you can see the server list, FL must be connecting to the global server.
Also, it might not be the firewall itself blocking you, with 15 different process running, it could be one of the other 14, for example, an IP blocker which means you'd need to manually add the server IP address to one of those Defender features.
Also check that Freelancer isn't being blocked by the OS firewall, and/or that it's turned off as this causes conflicts if both are running.
Despite Defender's efficiency, it's more designed for corporate use than home users, the one thing they don't tell you.
If you use a router, be sure that it's allowing game mode, that too can cause certain servers to not be allowed automatically.
Most software designed to secure a PC allows for turning off individual features, try each in turn, that might help, by doing so your PC should still be safe while you experiment.
Ps, There is such a thing as too many features isn't good for the PC, or the user.
